Linguistics

by Kay L O’Halloran , Language: English

This book brings together cutting-edge research on multimodal texts and the "discourses" generated through the interaction of two or more modes of communication, for example pictures of language, typography and layout, body movement and camera movement.

by Marta R Costa-jussa , Reinhard Rapp , Patrik Lambert , Kurt Eberle , Rafael E Banchs , Bogdan Babych , Language: English

Costa-jussà, M.R., Rapp, R., Lambert, P., Eberle, K., Banchs, R.E., Babych, B. (Eds.)First book dedicated to the field of hybrid machine translationGives an overview about the developments of tools that automate translation processesContains latest relevant research conducted by linguists and practitioners from different multidisciplinary areas working in hybrid MTThis volume provides an overview of the field of Hybrid Machine Translation (MT) and presents some of the latest research conducted by linguists and practitioners from different multidisciplinary areas.

by John R Stradling , Language: English

Based around the curriculum for specialist trainees in respiratory medicine and designed for those preparing for exit exams, this book contains 44 well-structured, peer-reviewed cases gathered from the Oxford Hospitals, comprehensively covering the various disorders of the respiratory system. New developments in medical training at junior and registrar level have created a need for a collection of cases which enable self-assessment, directed at postgraduates. Each case comprises a brief clinical history and relevant examination findings, details of investigations, medical imaging followed by questions on differential diagnosis, and management and detailed answers and discussion.

by Greg R McLatchie , David J Leaper , Language: English

This completely revised handbook provides concise and clear information on how to perform operations in the main surgical specialties. It provides an overview of modern operative surgical practice and gives indications for surgery providing details of operative techniques to supplement hands-on experience. It will enable the inexperienced surgeon to prepare adequately for observing, assisting at and ultimately performing a wide variety of surgical operations. It is up to date and reflects current operative surgery.

by Klaus Robering , Language: English

The verb has often been considered the ‘center’ of the sentence and has hence always attracted the special attention of the linguist. The present volume collects novel approaches to two classical topics within verbal semantics, namely argument structure and the treatment of time and aspect. The linguistic material covered comes from a broad spectrum of languages including English, German, Danish, Ukrainian, and Australian aboriginal languages; and methods from both cognitive and formal semantics are applied in the analyses presented here.

by Kristine Bentzen , Janne Bondi Johannessen , Henrik Rosenkvist , Language: English

Övdalian is spoken in central Sweden by about 2000 speakers. Traditionally categorized as a dialect of Swedish, it has not received much international attention. However, Övdalian is typologically closer to Faroese or Icelandic than it is to Swedish, and since it has been spoken in relative isolation for about 1000 years, a number of interesting linguistic archaisms have been preserved and innovations have developed. This volume provides seven papers about Övdalian morphology and syntax. The papers, all based on extensive fieldwork, cover topics such as verb movement, subject doubling, wh-words and case in Övdalian.

by Marta Dynel , Jan Chovanec , Language: English

This book deals with participation frameworks in modern social and public media. It brings together several cutting-edge research studies that offer exciting new insights into the nature and formats of interpersonal communication in diverse technology-mediated contexts. Some papers introduce new theoretical extensions to participation formats, while others present case studies in various discourse domains spanning public and private genres. Adopting the perspective of the pragmatics of interaction, these contributions discuss data ranging from public, mass-mediated and quasi-authentic texts, fully staged and scripted textual productions, to authentic, non-scripted private messages and comments, both of a permanent and ephemeral nature.

by Sylvia Molloy , Language: English

This study of Spanish American autobiography from its beginnings in the post-colonial nineteenth century to the present day concentrates mainly on cultural and historical issues. Spanish American autobiographies are fascinating hybrids, often wielding several discourses at once. They aspire to documentary status while unabashedly exalting the self, and dwell on personal experience while purporting to be exercises in historiography, the founding texts of a national archive. Professor Molloy examines a wide range of texts, from Sarmiento’s Recuerdos de provincia to Victoria Ocampo’s Autobiografia.

by Peter Schrijver , Language: English

History, archaeology, and human evolutionary genetics provide us with an increasingly detailed view of the origins and development of the peoples that live in Northwestern Europe. This book aims to restore the key position of historical linguistics in this debate by treating the history of the Germanic languages as a history of its speakers. It focuses on the role that language contact has played in creating the Germanic languages, between the first millennium BC and the crucially important early medieval period.

by Brigittine M French , Language: English

In this valuable book, ethnographer and anthropologist Brigittine French mobilizes new critical-theoretical perspectives in linguistic anthropology, applying them to the politically charged context of contemporary Guatemala. Beginning with an examination of the “nationalist project” that has been ongoing since the end of the colonial period, French interrogates the “Guatemalan/indigenous binary.” In Guatemala, “Ladino” refers to the Spanish-speaking minority of the population, who are of mixed European, usually Spanish, and indigenous ancestry; “Indian” is understood to mean the majority of Guatemala’s population, who speak one of the twenty-one languages in the Maya linguistic groups of the country, although levels of bilingualism are very high among most Maya communities.

by Paul V Kroskrity , Margaret C Field , Language: English

Beliefs and feelings about language vary dramatically within and across NativeAmerican cultural groups and are an acknowledged part of the processes oflanguage shift and language death. This volume samples the language ideologiesof a wide range of Native American communities—from the Canadian Yukon toGuatemala—to show their role in sociocultural transformation.These studies take up such active issues as “insiderness” in Cherokee languageideologies, contradictions of space-time for the Northern Arapaho, languagesocialization and Paiute identity, and orthography choices and language renewalamong the Kiowa.

by James F English , Language: English

The Global Future of English Studies presents a succinct, carefully documented assessment of the current state and future trajectory of English studies around the world. Compiles data on student enrollments, faculty hiring, and financing in English studies around the world including China, home to more English majors than the U.S. and U.K. combined Rejects prevailing narratives of contraction and decline that dominate histories of the discipline Stresses English studies′ expansion within a rapidly expanding global academic apparatus, and the new challenges and opportunities such sudden and dispersive growth presents Essential reading for anyone interested in studying or teaching English in higher education

by Jack Grieve , Language: English

The first study of its kind, Regional Variation in Written American English takes a corpus-based approach to map over a hundred grammatical alternation variables across the United States. A multivariate spatial analysis of these maps shows that grammatical alternation variables follow a relatively small number of common regional patterns in American English, which can be explained based on both linguistic and extra-linguistic factors. Based on this rigorous analysis of extensive data, Grieve identifies five primary modern American dialect regions, demonstrating that regional variation is far more pervasive and complex in natural language than is generally assumed.

by Nathan J Devos , Language: English

Trade schools, universities, and programs for international students have begun to experiment with Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) as a viable pedagogy for instruction, as the pedagogy of CLIL increasingly gains recognition as a practical form of language and content education in Europe and beyond, and its application in instructional settings becomes more diverse. Corresponding with CLIL’s growth, this book focuses on foreign language use during peer interactions in a new CLIL setting.

by Ranjan Sen , Language: English

Syllable and Segment in Latin offers new and detailed analyses of five long-standing problems in Latin historical phonology. In so doing, it clarifies the relative roles of synchronic phonological structure and phonetics in guiding sound change. While the phenomena can predominantly be explained by a reductionist view of diachronic phonology, claiming that demands of speech production and perception alone motivate and constrain historical development, the author shows that synchronic structure played the pivotal role of governing significant (but not immediately apparent) categorical and gradient surface variants, and that some phonetically explicable developments were in fact initiated and constrained by structural analogy.R

by Peter Grundy , Language: English

Doing Pragmatics achieved success through its unparalleled capacity to render pragmatics truly accessible to students. Embracing the comprehensive and engaging style which characterised the previous editions, the third edition is fully revised and expanded. Grundy consolidates the strengths of the original version, reinforcing its unique combination of theory and practice with new theory, exercises and up-to-date, real data and examples. New chapters include pragmatic inference and language evolution, and intercultural pragmatics.

by Dianna S Campbell , Language: English

Do your sentences run longer than a page? Or do they hang in the air, waiting for a subject, an object or some punctuation to finish them off?This easy-to-use guide to sentence writing not only teaches you how to overcome run-ons and sentence fragments, but also all of the sentence construction obstacles encountered by anyone who needs to master (or re-master) the English language-all without making you do a single dreaded diagram! You’ll learn a sentence-combining approach to writing that goes beyond helping you avoid errors by teaching you how to create sound sentences with variety and style.Y

by R I M Dunbar , Language: English

What a big brain we have for all the small talk we make. It’s an evolutionary riddle that at long last makes sense in this intriguing book about what gossip has done for our talkative species. Psychologist Robin Dunbar looks at gossip as an instrument of social order and cohesion–much like the endless grooming with which our primate cousins tend to their social relationships.Apes and monkeys, humanity’s closest kin, differ from other animals in the intensity of these relationships. All their grooming is not so much about hygiene as it is about cementing bonds, making friends, and influencing fellow primates.

by Yorick Wilks , Brian M Slator , Louise M Guthrie , Language: English

The use of computers to understand words continues to be an area of burgeoning research. Electric Words is the first general survey of and introduction to the entire range of work in lexical linguistics and corpora – the study of such on-line resources as dictionaries and other texts – in the broader fields of natural-language processing and artificial intelligence. The authors integrate and synthesize the goals and methods of computational lexicons in relation to AI’s sister disciplines of philosophy, linguistics, and psychology.

by Jeroen Wiedenhof , Language: English

A fascinating description of a global language, A Grammar of Mandarin combines broad perspectives with illuminating depth. Crammed with examples from everyday conversations, it aims to let the language speak for itself. The book opens with an overview of the language situation and a thorough account of Mandarin speech sounds. Nine core chapters explore syntactic, morphological and lexical dimensions. A final chapter traces the Chinese character script from oracle-bone inscriptions to today’s digital pens.T

by Patricia Duff , Language: English

Case studies of individual language learners are a valuable means of illustrating issues connected with learning, using, and in some cases, losing another language. Yet, even though increasing numbers of graduate students and scholars conduct research using case studies or mix quantitative and qualitative methods, there are no dedicated applied linguistics research methods texts that guide one through the case study process. This book fills that gap.The volume provides an overview of case study methodology and examples of published case studies in applied linguistics, without attempting to be a comprehensive survey of the innumerable case studies that exist.

by Silvia Luraghi , Claudia Parodi , Language: English

This Bloomsbury Companion is the most wide-ranging, state-of-the-art resource to a key area of contemporary linguistics. It covers fundamental issues, concepts, movements and approaches within the most relevant theoretical perspectives on syntax, encompassing the relationship between syntax and other levels of grammar. This book is a major tool for understanding syntax and its essential assumptions in the broader framework of current linguistic research. It is the most complete resource for postgraduate students and researchers working in syntax and neighboring fields.

by Kenneth Katzner , Language: English

This third edition of Kenneth Katzner’s best-selling guide to languages is essential reading for language enthusiasts everywhere. Written with the non-specialist in mind, its user-friendly style and layout, delightful original passages, and exotic scripts, will continue to fascinate the reader. This new edition has been thoroughly revised to include more languages, more countries, and up-to-date data on populations.
*information on nearly 600 languages
*individual descriptions of 200 languages, with sample passages and English translations
*concise notes on where each language is spoken, its history, alphabet and pronunciation
*coverage of every country in the world, its main language and speaker numbers
*an introduction to language families

by Michael H Tonry , Language: English

How can it be, in a nation that elected Barack Obama, that one third of African American males born in 2001 will spend time in a state or federal prison, and that black men are seven times likelier than white men to be in prison? Blacks are much more likely than whites to be stopped by the police, arrested, prosecuted, convicted, and imprisoned, and are much less likely to have confidence in justice system officials, especially the police. In Punishing Race, Michael Tonry demonstrates in lucid, accessible language that these patterns result not from racial differences in crime or drug use but primarily from drug and crime control policies that disproportionately affect black Americans.